exa9459.txt
           
                   -

               .. ਫ檨, .. , .. 쪮

     ᫥ ⢨ த  ᫥ -  嫮ਤ
 ⮤⨢஢ ࠯᭮    㡨㥬-
 ᯥଠ⮧ 몠.

     娬᪠ ࠡ⪠ ⮤  ,  ⮫, -
ਤ,  ᫨⥫쭮-⠭⥫ ⥭樠,  ᯥଠ⮧ 몠,
⮪筮

     娬᪨ ࠡ⠭  । -  ⮫    ,
⢮   娬᪨  ᨭ⥧஢  嫮ਤ,  饭
娬᪨ ᯮᮡ 쥢  - ਬ  ࠧ -
 樭,  ᠭਨ,   ,  ஬諥.  裡  ⨬
㠫쭮 祭 ⢨ 䠪஢  娬᪮  ࠡ⪨  
 -ꥪ,  ᯮ㥬   ᪨ 
࣠ .
      業  ⮪筮    ।  ஢ ।
   । ࠧ  -ꥪ⮢,    -
,  ᯥଠ⮧ 몠. ࠭㫨஢ ᯥଠ 몠, ஦
  , ࣠ ࠧࠦ  䨧᪮ ⢮.
祭     ⮪ 㡨  㥬 
।,    ⮭   嫮ਤ  .  㡠
⢫  ᪮   ମନ᪨ ᫮.   -
 ᯥ樠쭮 ⥫쭮-ॣ饩 ⥬ 1 ஢ -
⮬᪨  ⢠ ⮢ 宦 ᯥଠ⮧ १
 .   ᯥଠ⮧   ⭮-
襭  ।  ६    㥬 ⢮  ।
६   ஫쭮 ⢮:  । ६ 
 ஫쭮 ⢮ ਭ  100%.  ⢮஬ 筮 -
 쭠 ⨫஢     ꥪ権,    
⮭.
                   ⥬ 1
     .. 쪮,   ..      ᮠࠬ.  ⢥  -
-⮤ 業 ⮪筮 ஢   ᯮ짮  筮
-ꥪ. ⮤᪨ ४樨  . ᪢, 1987 .

     । ⠪ ⥣ࠫ ⥫  ᯥଠ⮧
(⥣ࠫ   - ) ⠪    業    ஫.
⪫    㡨㥬 ᯥଠ⮧  ।
 60-120%  ⭮⥫쭮 ⠫  ᬠਢ    ਧ
⮪ᨪ᪮ ᪠.
     祢,  ⢨ ⢮஢,  ࣭  ஫,  
 ꥪ  䠪. ᮮࠧ ᫥⥫-
  ⤥쭮  䠪஢ 娬᪮ ⢨  
᪨  ꥪ.   饬 ᫥ ⠢ ᫥騥
:
     1)  ᨬ  ᯥଠ⮧  ⮭᪮
⢮  ᭮ ⮫  㤥쭮 ⢠ ⢠  (q,
/), 祭  㭨୮ ⮤ ࠡ⪥  ⮩
࠯᭮   室 ࠫ樥  0,1 /;
     2)   ᨬ  ᯥଠ⮧  業樨
娬᪨ ᨭ⥧஢ 嫮ਤ  (, /)  -
᪮  ⢮  嫮ਤ ;  ⭮ 嫮ਤ 
த⮬  ᫥.
       ࠭  ᫥騬 ਧ: ᫥㥬 -
 । ᮯ⠢  ⥫    祭 8-9   ;
祭  q,  室     祭 ᫥ -
業権 嫮ਤ   ᨭ⥧,     -
砥 稭 q  㭨୮ ⮤ ࠡ⪥ ࠯᭮ .
     ⮫ ࠯᭮  砫  ⮤   筮
娬᪮    ﭭ ⮪  ᨫ 0,01,  0,03,
0,09   ⠡஢ 筨 ⮪  5-47    室  
0,00067 /.  ⢥⢥ 祭 q ⠢﫨 15-134 /. 室-
 ⢮ 嫮ਤ,  祭   , 業樥 10
/  ࠧ 䨧᪨ ⢮஬ 嫮ਤ   業-
樨 10 -5; 510 -5; 10 -4; 510 -4; 10 -3 /. ᪨ -
祭 q, ॡ  祭 ⠪ 業権 嫮, -
뢠  㫥:

                         q=CF
      F- ᫮ ࠤ, 96500 /.

     ⢥⢥,   祭  q    業権
嫮:  1; 4,8; 9,6; 48  96 /. ᨬ  稭 q, -
    祭  ⮫     業権
嫮, ।⠢  ⠡.  ⮩  ⠡ 㪠 祭
᫨⥫쭮-⠭⥫쭮  ⥭樠 㥬 । । -
砫 㡠樨 ( ,  嫮-ॡﭮ த ࠢ).
        ⠡,  ⮤ ࠡ⪠ ⮩ ࠯᭮ 
 q  45 /  ࠪ᪨          筮
-ꥪ,   q=90 / ⥫ ᯥଠ⮧    -
⮫ ᭨   q=134 /  ᯥଠ⮧  ⮫
࣠  ᨨ.   ⨪ ⮪ 
㥬 ।  ⮫ ⨣  ⮩ 室    -
 祭  - 200 .
     㡨㥬 ᯥଠ⮧ ⢨⥫  ⥫  -
   嫮 業樨 浪 10 -5 /,   ᮮ⢥-
 ⭮ q 浪 1 / ( ॠ쭮 ᯥਬ ⠪ 
稭 㤥쭮 室 ⢠ 㤭 ⨦ - -
筮 ஫᪮ ᯥ祭).

I4s0 ᯥଠ⮧  몠    㥬  娬᪨ ࠡ⠭
।  ᨬ  ࠬ஢ q.
Ŀ
/6    0       6I4s6,%7    0   7f0,           I4s0,%       7f0,        
Ĵ
(஫)    100        240-260        100        250-300     
                                                                
(1)*            -         -              80-102     260-280     
(4,8)           -         -              0-20       310-350     
(9,6)-15       102        -150...-160    20-92      500-600     
45-(48)        95-110     -160...-180    0          650-700     
90-(96)        0-55       -190...-210    0          700-750     
134            0          -700           -          -           


* ਬ砭:7  f0  ᪮ -  稭  q    ᫥
ࠧ 嫮,    ॠ   祭 q -
  騩 .

      業樨  嫮  5105-50  /  (⭮  q =4,8
/)  ⢥ ᭨,    㢥祭 業-
樨 嫮  105-4 0/ (⭮ q5 0=9,6 /) ⬥砥 -
⮢  ⨢樨  ⨪  ⮪,  ᮢ騩  
室 १  500-600 .
      業 嫮 5105-40  -  105-30  /  (⭮
q = 48-96 /) 祭 ᭨  .
      ࠧ,   ⮩稢       筮
-ꥪ  娬᪨ ࠡ⠭  ।  ⨣  
室     孨 ।  祭 -200...600 .
   ᮢ    ᪨ ᮢ⨬  
⥫쭮  ਩  ᯥ樠 ࠫ ।  -
묨  ᫨⥫쭮-⠭⥫묨   ࠪ⨪      
8,0-8,5.  ⮬   릨 ம࣠  ।  -
묨 祭ﬨ ࠭祭   7f0    -150    600    
嫮-ॡﭮ த ࠢ.2

     2 T.M.  Lotts.  饭   20- 筮 ᨬ㬥 樠樨
⢠ . . ਧ.  1994.
     3 ..  㪠订.   .  ⮤ 䥪樨  ਫ樨 
樭. . 1991. . 9-10.

        ⠢ ஢ ⮪ ⢨⥫ 
嫮  業 浪 105-7 0 /,   稨  -
㡠樮 । 䠪    ࠭  ⭮⥫-
 ⮩稢  嫮  業  105-20 /.5   3
     ⮬    ⨬ । ᮢ⨬ 嫮 
᪨ ꥪ⠬ 㦤   筥.  , -
,  嫮   業 浪 5105-5 0/ -
뢠 ⨬ 襭 䨧᪨ 堭  -
஢ ⨪ ⪨. -, ⢥ 㢥祭 -
⥭樠  室 業権 嫮 105-4 0/   500-600
 ⨢  ⪥ ᫨⥫ ,  ⮬ ᫥ ᫨⥫-
-ਫ஢.  १ ந室  ࣥ᪨
ᮢ  ⪨      筮 -ꥪ ᨫ,
ᬮ  ⮪᪨ 䮭 㡠樮 ।, 易  ⢨
ᨫ쭮  ᫨⥫ (嫮).  쭥襥 襭 ⮪᪮
䮭  㡠  業樨 嫮 5105-40 /    
㡫  䨧᪨ 襭 ᯥଠ⮧ - 堭 -
 ⨪  ᯮᮡ  ⨢樨   㢥祭.
     .  㡠樮 ।  ⮫ ⥫  
ᯥଠ⮧  ⮩稢  㤥쭮 室 ⢠  ᨭ⥧
⮫  45 / ⥫쭮.  ⥭ᨢ ० ⮤ -
ࠡ⪨   ᫠      ॣ    筮
-ꥪ.  業樨  㡠樮 । த 
᫥  - 嫮  業樨 510 -5 / 襭 㭪-
樨  ᯥଠ⮧ ⨬.   業樨 嫮
 105-4 0 /,  ᮮ⢥⢥  㤥쭮 室 ⢠
 50  ⬥砥   ⮩稢    -
筮  ꥪ.
      娬᪮ ࠡ⪨  ।   -
  筮 -ꥪ  稭 㤥쭮 室 -
⢠, 騩 ஬ 祭   45-90 /.
        ᯥଠ⮧  ।  ⮫  -
ﭥ  ࠢ   ⥫  ।, ᮤঠ饩 -
    ᫥ - 嫮  業,  
室 ⢠  ⮤ ࠡ⪥   ࠫ쭮 ਨ
⮢.
